Prevalencia, distribución y diagnóstico histopatológico de hallazgos de imágenes radiolúcidas en los maxilares / Prevalence, distribution and histopathologic diagnosis of radiolucid images findings in the jaws

RESUMENObjetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la prevalencia, ubicación y diagnóstico histopatológico de las lesiones radiolúcidas presentes en las radiografías panorámicas de pacientes que concurrieron a la cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, cuando el motivo de consulta no coincidió con el hallazgo radiográfico.Métodos: se realizó un análisis retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo que consistió en identificar las imágenes radiolúcidas mayores a 1 cm de diámetro y presentes en radiografías panorámicas a partir de la revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes que concurrieron y fueron tratados quirúrgicamente en la cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I desde marzo de 2014 a diciembre de 2019. A partir de dichas historias clínicas, se registró edad y género del paciente, ubicación de la lesión en el maxilar, asociación o no a una pieza dentaria y resultado anatomopatológico.Resultados: los resultados AP se asociaron significativamente con los rangos etarios, no así con los sectores de piezas, ni con el sexo (AU)

Objective: the objective of this study was to identify the prevalence, location and histopathological diagnosis of radiolucent lesions present in the panoramic radiographs of patients who attended the chair of Bucomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology I, when the reason for consultation did not coincide with the radiographic finding.Methods: a retrospective, observational and descriptive analysis was carried out that consisted of identifying radiolucent images larger than 1 cm diameter present in panoramic radiographs from the review of medical records of patients who attended and were treated surgically in the chair of Bucomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology I from March 2014 to December 2019. From these medical records, the age and gender of the patient, location of the lesion in the maxilla, its association or not with a tooth, and pathological results were recorded.Results: the anatomopathological results were significantly associated with the age ranges, not with the sectors of pieces or with sex.

Estudo epidemiológico de pacientes portadores de infecção do complexo bucomaxilofacial tratados no Hospital Universitário de Maringá: estudo retrospectivo ao longo de 8 anos / Epidemiological study of patients with oral maxillofacial infection treated at Universitary Hospital of Maringá: retrospective study about 8 years

Infecções agudas bucomaxilofaciais podem ser condições clínicas graves e de ocorrência comum, caracterizadas pela disseminação do processo infeccioso a tecidos adjacentes e espaços faciais da região de cabeça e pescoço, podendo resultar em várias complicações, até mesmo em óbito, embora seja raro. Objetivo: realizar uma análise epidemiológica de infecções maxilofaciais, relacionando os dados ao tratamento instituído e à sua efetividade, bem como analisar dados referentes a idade, sexo, principais dentes envolvidos e tempo total de internação. Sujeito e método: foram analisados retrospectivamente 240 prontuários de pacientes admitidos no Hospital Universitário de Maringá com infecção odontogênica, atendidos pela equipe de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial no período de janeiro de 2009 a janeiro de 2017. Resultados: a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 38 anos, com 57 mulheres e 54 homens. A média de temperatura de admissão foi 38,5°C. A região mais acometida foi o ramo posterior da mandíbula, tendo uma média de duração de infecção e hospitalização de 6,1 dias. A principal conduta foi drenagem e antibioticoterapia, sendo que cerca de 13 pacientes não precisaram desse tipo de intervenção, e um paciente evoluiu a óbito. Conclusão: com base nestes resultados e na literatura, infecções odontogênicas merecem atenção, pois podem ser fatais e requerem internação rápida e tratamento adequado. Esse, portanto, é um assunto de grande importância para o cirurgião- -dentista, que exerce papel fundamental na prevenção e no tratamento. A resolução precoce ainda é a forma mais adequada para evitar complicações mais graves. (AU)

Acute Oral maxillofacial infections can be serious and relatively common clinical conditions, characterized by the spread of the infectious process to adjacent tissues and facial spaces of the head and neck region, which can result in several complications and lead to even death, although it is rare. Objective: the objective of this study was to perform an epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial infections and relate their data to the treatment instituted and the effectiveness of the same, as well as to analyze data regarding the age, sex, main teeth involved and total time of hospitalization. Subjects and method: in order to carry out study, 240 medical recordswere analyzed retrospectivelyat the University Hospital of Maringá of the patients with odontogenic infection attended by the Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon in the period of January 2009 to January 2017. Results: as a result, mean age was 38 years, with 57 women and 54 men and mean intake temperature was 38.5 °. The most affected region was the posterior branch of the mandible, with a mean duration of infection and hospitalization of 6.1 days. The main conduct was drainage and antibiotic therapy, and about 13 patients did not need this intervention and only 1 died. Conclusion: Based on these results and in literature, attention should be paid to odontogenic infections, which can be fatal and require proper treatment. This is a subject of great importance for the dentist, who plays a key role in prevention and proper treatment, its early resolution is still the most appropriate way to avoid serious complications. (AU)

The relevance of clinical and radiographic features of jaw lesions: A prospective study

Abstract The study was carried out in a Brazilian population and the aim was to describe the prevalence and the clinic-radiographical features of jaw lesions. In addition, a comparison between the main diagnosis hypothesis and final diagnosis was accessed. A prospective study which evaluated all patients with jaw lesions diagnosed in an Oral Diagnosis Center, between August 2013 and October 2014. A total of 450 patients were observed for the first time, and 130 had some type of jaw lesion. The mean age of the patients was 35.2 years ± 17.86. Among these, 71 were women (54.62%) and 87 were Caucasian (66.92%). The mandible was affected more frequently (71.43%) than the maxilla (28.57%). Swelling and pain were the most frequent clinical signs and symptoms and were observed in 60 (42.85%) and 38 (27.14%) cases, respectively. The panoramic x-ray was the main radiographic exam utilized (88.57%). Radiolucent lesions accounted for 89 cases (63.57%) and the unilocular form was present in 114 cases (81.43%). A total of 93 cases had histopathological analyses and the periapical cyst was the most frequent lesion. In the other 47 lesions, the diagnosis was conducted by clinical and radiographic management. Bone lesions were frequent, being noted on first visit in approximately 30% of patients; in 1/3 of the cases, the diagnoses were completed with a combination of clinical and radiographic exams.

Efficacy of core needle biopsy technique for jawbone diseases

La biopsia-punción ósea ( Core needle biopsy, CNB) es un procedimiento de probada utilidad en el diagnóstico delesiones óseas. Sin embargo, no es una técnica de uso frecuente en las lesiones de los maxilares. La finalidad de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia del método de CNB en una serie de casosde lesiones intramaxilares. Se realizaron CNB en 85 pacientes con lesiones intraóseas, las cuales fueron agrupadas según su aspecto radiográfico en lesiones radiopacas ( RO, n=13), lesiones radiolucidas (RL,n=39) y lesiones mixtas con sectores radiolúcidos y radiopacos (RL-RO, n=33). La técnica permitió obtener varios cilindros de tejido de cada lesión ( promedio: 2.5 cilindros) los cualesfueron procesados según técnica histopatológica de rutina con tinción de H&E y técnicas especiales en los casos en que fueron necesarias. El análisis de los cuadros histopatológicos conjuntamente con los datos clínicos, permitió realizar un un diagnóstico de certeza (AD) en el 81por ciento de los casos y un diagnostico descriptivo (DD) en el 14 por ciento. En el 5 por ciento de los casos el material obtenido no fue adecuado para su estudio (ND) Ladiferencia entre los casos de CNB exitosa y no exitosa (DD+ND) es estadisticamente significativa. El mayor porcentaje de CBN exitosas correspondió a las lesiones RO y RL-RO (85 por ciento y 100 por ciento respectivamente) Las lesiones RL presentaron mayor dificultad debido a que, en su mayoría, eran lesiones quísticas con contenido líquido...

A retrospective study of trauma-associated oral and maxillofacial lesions in a population from southern Taiwan

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective analysis was to determine the age, gender, frequency and distribution of trauma-associated hard tissue and soft tissue lesions of the oral and maxillofacial region in a population from southern Taiwan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Approximately 10 percent of the 27,995 biopsy records of patients with history of trauma resulting in lesions who were treated at our institution between 1991 and 2006 were examined for this study. RESULTS: In the included records, there were 2,762 soft tissue and 26 hard tissue lesions. Mucocele was the most frequent trauma-associated soft tissue lesion (955 cases). The youngest patients were those who presented with mucocele (mean age = 27.3 years), while the oldest patients were those with peripheral giant cell granuloma (58 years). The lower lip was the most frequent site of occurrence of mucocele (676, 64.5 percent) and was also the predominant site of occurrence of all soft tissue lesions (815, 29.5 percent), followed by the buccal mucosa (654, 23.4 percent) and the tongue (392, 14.2 percent). Trauma-associated hard tissue lesions included only osteoradionecrosis (24 cases) and traumatic bone cysts (2 cases). CONCLUSION: As little data of this nature have been reported from populations of Asian developing countries, the findings of this retrospective analysis is valuable for epidemiological documentation of type of traumatic oral lesions as well as for informing the professionals and the layman about the importance of this category of oral lesions.

A survey of oral and maxillofacial biopsies in children: a single-center retrospective study of 20 years in Pelotas-Brazil

Despite the large number of published cases about oral and maxillofacial pediatric lesions, the literature is scarce on epidemiological studies regarding the prevalence of these entities. This study retrieved oral and maxillofacial pediatric lesions from the Center of Diagnosis of Oral Diseases (CDDB) at the Dental School of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), comprising a 20-year period (1983-2002). From the total of 9,465 biopsies received in this period, 625 (6.6%) were from children aged 0 to 14 years. Regardless of the histopathological diagnosis, patient data referring to lesion location, sex and age were collected. Diagnoses were grouped in 13 categories. As much as 89 percent of the cases occurred in patients aged 7 to 14 years (53% in females and 47 percent in males). Mucocele (17.2%) was the most common type of lesion, followed by dentigerous cyst (8.6%). In the category of odontogenic tumors, odontoma was the most frequent lesion (64.2%). Malignant lesions were observed in a small section of the sample (1.2%). Generally, the results of the present study are in line with those reported in the literature concerning the most prevalent lesions in the pediatric population. Most lesions were benign, and malignant lesions were diagnosed in a very small part of the sample.